Germany's SdKfz 251 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen half tracks

Photos

SdKfz 251 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen half track:	SdKfz 251 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen half track:	SdKfz 251 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen half track, interrogating Russian prisoners:	SdKfz 251 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen half track:
SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Wurfrahmen 40) half track:	SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Wurfrahmen 40) half track: Bundesarchiv, Koblenz	SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Wurfrahmen 40) half track:	8.8cm KwK 43 L/71 auf mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen:
SdKfz 251/2 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Granatwerfer), Gerät 892:	SdKfz 251/8 mittlerer Krankenpanzerwagen, Gerät 908: Imperial War Museum - STT9832	SdKfz 251/9 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm), Gerät 909:	SdKfz 251/9 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm), Gerät 909:
SdKfz 251/9 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm), Gerät 909:	SdKfz 251/9 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm), Gerät 909: Imperial War Museum - MH7557	SdKfz 251/9 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm), Gerät 909: Imperial War Museum - EA45027	SdKfz 251/10 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (3.7cm PaK), Gerät 910:
SdKfz 251/10 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (3.7cm PaK), Gerät 910:	SdKfz 251/16 mittlerer Flammpanzerwagen, Gerät 916:	SdKfz 251/16 mittlerer Flammpanzerwagen, Gerät 916: Bundesarchiv, Koblenz	SdKfz 251/17 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (2cm), Gerät 917:
SdKfz 251/17 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (2cm), Gerät 917:	SdKfz 251/17 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (2cm), Gerät 917:	SdKfz 251/21 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Drilling MG151S), Gerät 921:	SdKfz 251/22 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm PaK40), Gerät 922:
SdKfz 251 with 28 cm anti-tank gun:	Mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (2cm):	Luftwaffe, mSchtzPzWg (2cm Flak 38): Bundesarchiv, Koblenz	SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (IR) "Falke":
SdKfz 251/D and 2cm FlaK 38 SdKfz 8t in Budapest in the spring of 1944:	SdKfz 251 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen half track:	SdKfz 251/D (left) & 251/C (right) of the Panzer Lehr Division in Budapest in 1944:
1/72 Diecast Models
Dragon Armor			Forces of Valor
60139: 60229: 60230: 60235: 60236:	60277: 60281: 60285: 60294: 60296:	60306: 60313: 60314: 60337: 60338:	85010: 95210:

Design

While Panzer Divisions were first being developed requirements were given for a personnel carrier that was armored and could carry the infantry into battle. Chassis were to be designed in the 1, 3, 5, 8, 12, and 18 ton range.⁶ The SdKfz 251 became the 3 ton design.³

Hanomag was to design and build the 3 ton chassis.^3,6 It was initially designated the H.kl.6p.⁶

In 1935 it was suggested that an armored body could be placed on a medium half track tractor. The SdKfz 11 became the basis for the chassis.

Hull

There were four hull versions constructed, Ausf A, Ausf B, Ausf C, and Ausf D.³

Chassis

The engine drove the tracks, while the front wheels received no power.⁶

Prototype

Production

• SdKfz 251: 15,000
  • 1940: 337⁴
  • 1941: 424⁴
  • 1942: 1,200⁴
  • Production: 1939 - ?
  • Manufacturer: Hanomag in Hanover³, Büssing-NAG³
• SdKfz 251 Ausf A, SdKfz Ausf B, SdKfz Ausf C: 4,650²
  • Production: June 1939 - September 1943²
  • Manufacturer: Hanomag², MNH², Schichau Wumag², Weserhütte², Borgward²
• SdKfz 251 Ausf D: 10,602²
  • Manufacturer:
    • September 1943 - March 1945²: Hanomag², MNH², Schichau Wumag², Weserhütte², Borgward²
    • 1944 - ?²: Evans+Pistor², Deutsche Werke², Büssing-NAG²

Produced by Hanomag, but the hull and superstructure were built by Büssing-NAG. There were 22 different models made.

Variants

• SdKfz 251 Ausf A: First production model and built until 1940. Had 3 vision slits on each side and the radio aerial was mounted on the right front mudguard. Some were retrofitted with MG mounting on Ausf B. Used the FuG Spr Ger f radio.²
• SdKfz 251 Ausf B: Built until 1940. View ports in the rear body sides were eliminated, and the stowage was reorganized. New front mount with shield for MG. The FuSpG 'F' R/T antenna was moved from right front mudguard to the right back upper side over the radio. Used the FuG Spr Ger f radio.²
• SdKfz 251 Ausf C: New single piece armor nose plate for the engine compartment. Air was drawn up behind the lower front plate. The top grille was eliminated. The side cooling flaps were replaced by side vent covers which allowed vents to be open all the time for better cooling. Changes to seating and stowage. The mudguards were raised to allow for more room between tire and guard. Tools were moved to front part of mudguards from the upper rear sides. The radio was moved under the front armor in front of the commander's seat. Used the FuG Spr Ger f radio.²
• SdKfz 251 Ausf D: The armored body was simplified with a reverse sloping rear end. The air intakes were under the engine side armor and there were stowage boxes permanently fitted to the sides instead of mudguards. Used the FuG Spr Ger f radio.²
• SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen, Gerät 901: Had 2 MG34s or MG42s with 2,010 rounds. Standard personnel carrier for Panzergrenadier Gruppe.
• SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen: Crew of 11. Had 2 7.92 mm MG34s and 1 MG34 or MG42, with 2,010 rounds. Used as the carrier for the Heavy MG Group of the Armored Infantry Detachment.
• SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Wurfrahmen 40), Mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen mit Wurfrahmen, SdKfz 251/1: Stuka zum Fuss (divebomber on foot, walking stuka, bellowing cow).³ Crew of 7. Had 2 MG34s or MG42s. Had 5: 28cm Sprengranate (HE round) and 1: 32cm Flammgranate (incendiary round). After France in 1940 J. Gast KG, Berlin were ordered to create a projector for the Wurfgerät 40. The elevation was +5° to +40°. Firing took 10 seconds and the range of 1.9 km for Sprengranate and 2.2 km for Flammgranate. Had three tubular frames on each side that would have 28 cm or 32 cm rockets inserted while still being in their packing crates.³ The rockets could then be fired.³
• SdKfz 251/1 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (IR) "Falke": Crew of 12. Was fitted with infrared equipment to be used with units attached to the infrared Panther detachments.
• SdKfz 251/2 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Granatwerfer), Gerät 892: Mortar carrier.⁶ 81 mm GrW34 mortar was installed in the floor with 66 rounds. Also a 7.92 mm MG34 or MG42 with 2,010 rounds. A base plate was also stored so that mortar could be removed from vehicle and fired. Only had rear MG. Was issued to the heavy platoon of armored infantry companies.
• SdKfz 251/3 mittlerer Funkpanzerwagen, Gerät 893: Radio.⁶ Two 7.92 mm MG34 or MG42 with 2,010 rounds. Sometimes an Enigma decoding machine was installed. The different configurations depended on which unit assigned to:
  • FuG8 required frame aerial until 1942.
  • FuG8, FuG5, and FuG4 for divisional and artillery links to Panzer units.
  • FuG8 and FuG4 for division to artillery link.
  • FuG8 and FuG5 for division to panzer unit link.
  • FuG7 and FuG1 for ground to air link and transmission monitoring.
  • FuG12, FuG11, and Kdo FuG Tr was used for command post.
  • FuG Tr 100mw used for command post.
  • FuG Tr 80mw used for command post.
  • FuG Tr 30mw used for command post.
  • FuG Tr 15kzw used for command post.
• SdKfz 251/4 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (IG), Gerät 904: Ammunition carrier.⁶ Had a 7.92 mm MG34 with 1,100 rounds installed. Intended to tow 105 mm le FH18 howitzer (Another source says for the 7.5 cm leIG18, 120 rounds also carried). Was replaced by the SdKfz 251/9.
• SdKfz 251/5 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (PI), Gerät 905: Engineering troop carrier.⁶ Had 2 7.92 mm MG34 with 4,800 rounds installed. Also had FuG8 and FuG4 installed. Built until 1943. Was used as the command vehicle for the engineer platoon.
• SdKfz 251/5 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (PI): Engineering vehicle.⁶ Had FuG8 and FuG5 installed. Built until 1943. Was used as the command vehicle for the heavy platoon of the Panzerpionier Gruppe.
• SdKfz 251/6 mittlerer Kommandopanzerwagen: Command.⁶ Had a 7.92 mm MG34 with 1,100 rounds installed. Used by headquarters staff. Had FuG11 and FuG Tr 100mw installed, cipher equipment, and map tables. Produced until 1943. Used by headquarters staff.
• SdKfz 251/7 mittlerer Pionierpanzerwagen, Gerät 907: Engineering equipment carrier.⁶ Had 2 7.92 mm MG34 or MG42 with 4,800 rounds and a 7.92 mm PzB39 with 40 rounds installed. Had a FuG5 installed.
• Pionier-Geräte-Schützenpanzerwagen (engineering assault vehicle): Had a small bridge that would be built over small ditches. The sections would be carried in the racks on top. Also had demolition equipment and inflatable assault boats.
• SdKfz 251/8 mittlerer Krankenpanzerwagen, Gerät 908: Ambulance.⁶ Designed to carry 2 stretcher cases and 4 seated wounded. Later models had redesigned doors to allow for easy entry and exit. Had a FuG5 when it was issued to HQ Company or Panzer detachment.
• SdKfz 251/9 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm), Gerät 909: Self-propelled gun.^3,6 Had a 7.5cm KwK37 L/24 installed with 52 rounds and 2 7.92 mm MG34 or MG42 with 2,010 rounds. Büssing-NAG was ordered to develop an armored superstructure on March 31, 1942. In June 1942, 2 prototypes were field tested in Russia and as a result 150 were ordered. In 1944 a new design of mounting the gun was introduced. Sometimes called Stummel (stump). Designed to provide support for Heavy Armor Infantry Companies.
• SdKfz 251/10 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (3.7cm PaK), Gerät 910: Self-propelled gun.⁶ Had a 3.7cm PaK 35/36 with 168 rounds, a 7.92 mm MG34 or MG42 with 1,100 rounds, and a 7.92 mm PzB39 with 40 rounds. There were different versions of the PaK shields. Issued as the Zugführerwagen to platoon leaders.
• SdKfz 251/11 mittlerer Fernsprechpanzerwagen, Gerät 911: Telephone equipment carrier.⁶ Had 2 7.92 mm MG34 or MG42 with 2,010 rounds. Ordered in January 1942 and first delivered on August 15, 1942. One version had the leichter Feldkabelträger 6 and the other had the mittlerer Feldkabelträger 10. Used for laying and maintaining telephone and telegraph lines.
• SdKfz 251/12 mittlerer Messtrupp und Gerätpanzerwagen, Gerät 912: Survey instruments carrier.⁶ Carried artillery surveying squad and equipment. Carried the FuG8 radio with a frame antenna. Built until 1943.
• SdKfz 251/13 mittlerer Schallaufnahmepanzerwagen, Gerät 913: Built until 1943. Sound recording vehicle for artillery spotting.⁶
• SdKfz 251/14 mittlerer Schallauswertepanzerwagen, Gerät 914: Built until 1943. Used as sound ranging for artillery spotting.⁶
• SdKfz 251/15 mittlerer Lichtauswertepanzerwagen, Gerät 915: Built until 1943. Used as flash spotting for artillery spotting.⁶
• SdKfz 251/16 mittlerer Flammpanzerwagen, Gerät 916: Flamethrower carrier.⁶ Had 2 1.4cm Flammenwerfer on each side with 700 liters of fuel and 2 7.92 mm MG34 or MG42 with 2,010 rounds. Delivery started in January 1943. Had a range of about 60m (another source says 35m). Could fire about 80 bursts up to 2 seconds each. Earlier versions also had a 7mm Flammwerfer 42, which was a portable projector attached to a 10m hose.
• SdKfz 251/17 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (2cm), Gerät 917: Anti-aircraft vehicle.⁶ AA model with antiaircraft gun installed with sides that folded outwards.
• SdKfz 251/18 mittlerer Beobachtungspanzerwagen, Gerät 918: Had a FuG12 installed. Had a large map table built on top of the driver's roof plate. Observation vehicle for artillery spotting.⁶
• SdKfz 251/19 mittlerer Fernsprechbetriebspanzerwagen, Gerät 919: Mobile telephone exchange vehicle.⁶
• SdKfz 251/20 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Infrarotscheinwerfer), Gerät 920: Infra-red searchlight carrier.⁶ Had 60cm Beobachtungs Gerät 1251 and telescope Beobachtungs Gerät 1221 (infra red searchlight) installed to be used with Panther tanks at night. The searchlight had a range of about 1,500m. Only about 60 were built. Known as the UHU (eagle owl). This was used as the commanders vehicle of a Panther platoon that was equipped with infrared sighting equipment. Mainly used on Eastern front starting in 1944.
• SdKfz 251/21 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (Drilling MG151S), Gerät 921: Anti-aircraft vehicle.⁶ Had 3 1.5cm MG151/15 or 2cm MG151/20 AA guns with 2,000 rounds of ammunition installed.³ Rate of fire was approximately 700 rounds per minute. Construction started in August 1944.
• SdKfz 251/22 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (7.5cm PaK40), Gerät 922, 7.5cm Pak 40 L/46 auf mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen, SdKfz 251/22: Anti-tank vehicle.⁶ Had a 7.5cm PaK 40 L/46 with 22 rounds installed. Production began in December 1944 based on an order from Hitler. The complete PaK40 was installed, except the wheels. Some vehicles didn't have sidewalls. 9 were issued to Panzerjäger detachments, 3 to Panzer Aufklärungs detachments, and 6 to gun platoons.
• SdKfz 251/23 mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (2cm KwK), Gerät 923: Had a 2cm KwK38 with 100 rounds and a 7.92 mm MG42 with 2,010 rounds installed. A Hängelafette 38 turret (from SdKfz 234/1 armored cars) was installed. A FuG12 radio was carried.
• SdKfz 251 Munitionspanzer: Transported ammunition for many different armored formations.
• SdKfz 251 7.5cm PaK42 L/70 auf 3t Zgkw: On September 30, 1943, Hitler ordered the new 7.5cm PaK44 L/70 to be installed on a motorized carriage. On January 28, 1944, a prototype was ready but it was determined that this was an unsuitable carriage and the project was dropped.
• 8.8cm KwK 43 L/71 auf mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen:
• Mittlerer Schützenpanzerwagen (2cm):
• Luftwaffe, mSchtzPzWg (2cm Flak 38):

Usage

First issued to 1st Panzer Division in 1939.

Specifications

	SdKfz 251	SdKfz 251 A, B, C	SdKfz 251 D
Crew	2 (+10 passengers)1 123	22	22
Physical Characteristics
Weight	17,218 lb3 7,810 kg3, 8,500 kg1 8.37 tons1,6 Empty: 7,050 kg5 Loaded: 8,500 kg5	7.81 tons2	8 tons2
Length w/gun	19'1,6, 19' 0.3"3 5.58 m5, 5.8 m1,3	5.8 m2	5.98 m2
Length w/o gun
Height	5' 8.9"1,3, 5' 9"6 1.75 m1,3, 2.1 m5	1.75 m2	1.75 m2
Width	6' 6.7"1, 6' 10.7"3, 6' 11"6 2 m1,5, 2.1 m3	2.1 m2	2.1 m2
Ground clearance	1' 30 cm
Ground contact length	1.8 m
Ground pressure
Turret ring diameter
Armament
Main	1: MG6 2: 7.92 mm MG1 see notes as varied with models
Secondary
MG
Side arms
Quantity
Main
Secondary
MG
Side arms
Armor Thickness (mm)	6 - 14.53, 121,6
Hull Front, Upper	8	10@33°2	10@33°2
Hull Front, Lower	8	14.5@21°2	15@22°2
Hull Sides, Upper		8@35°2	8@35°2
Hull Sides, Lower		8@35°2	8@35°2
Hull Rear		8@30°2 & 8@40°2	8@33°2 & 8@33°2
Hull Top	open	Open2	Open2
Hull Bottom	A, B, C, D:	6@90°2	6@90°2
Turret Front
Turret Sides
Turret Rear
Turret Top
Engine (Make / Model)	Maybach6, Maybach HL 42 TUKRM1 Maybach HL 423,5	Maybach HL 42 TUKRM2	Maybach HL 42 TUKRM2
Cylinders	63
Net HP	1003,5, 1206
Transmission	Schub, 4 forward, 1 reverse	4x2 forward, 1x2 reverse.2	4x2 forward, 1x2 reverse.2
Fuel Type	Gasoline3
Octane
Capacity
Performance
Traverse
Speed - Road	31 mph6, 32.5 mph3, 32.6 mph1 50 kph, 52.5 kph1,3,5	53 kph2	53 kph2
Speed - Cross Country
Range - Road	112 miles1, 186 miles3,6 180 km1, 300 km3	300 km2	300 km2
Turning radius	13.5 m
Elevation limits
Fording depth	2'3 0.6 m3
Trench crossing	6' 6.7"3 2 m3
Vertical obstacle
Suspension (Type)	Wheels: Trans leaf spring5 Tracks: Torsion bar5
Wheels each side
Return rollers each side
Track length
Tires	2
Track width	9.25" 28 cm
Track centers/tread	2.78 m