United States' Martin PBM Mariner flying boat
Photos
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: Aeronautics Aircraft Spotters' Handbook |
Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: Aeronautics Aircraft Spotters' Handbook |
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Martin PBM Mariner flying boat: |
Design
The United States Navy in 1937 put forth a request for a new flying boat.1,2
Radar
The radar was located above the cockpit in a streamlined fairing.1
Engines
The PBM's engines were mounted high on the gull wings to help keep them out of the salt water spray.1
Wings
The wings were gull shaped.1,3 There were fixed floats on the ends that allowed for a staple take off in rough seas.1
Tail
The tail plane was dihedral.2 The fins were canted inwards.2
Prototype
Martin made a 3/8 scale model that was flown before the full scale prototype.1,2 It had a Chevrolet engine and a crew.1
The contract for building a full sized prototype was signed on June 30, 1937.3
The Martin XPBM-1 Mariner prototype first flew on February 18, 1939.1,2,3
Production
Deliveries of the PBM-1 began in 1941.2
Production concluded in 1949.1,2
- Martin XPBM-1: 12
- Martin PMB-1: 202,3
- Martin XPBM-2: 12
- Martin PBM-3: 3793
- Production: 19423
- Martin PBM-3B / Martin Mariner GR.I: 322
- Martin PBM-3C: 2742
- Martin PBM-3D: 2012
- Martin PBM-3R: 502
- Martin PBM-3S: 1562
- Martin XPBM-5: 22
- Martin PBM-5: 6312
- Martin XPBM-5A: 12
- Martin PBM-5A: 362
- Total: 1,4052
- Manufacturer: Glenn L. Martin Company3
Variants
- Martin XPBM-1: Prototype.2,3 Had Wright R-2600-6 (1,600 HP) engines.2 The outrigger floats were retractable.2 The tail surfaces were flat.2,3
- Margin XPBM-2: Prototype.3 Was to have catapult equipment and more fuel.3
- Martin PBM-1: First production model.2 Tail surfaces were changed to a dihedral.3 Went into service in 1941.3
- Martin PBM-3: Outriggers were fixed.2 Engine nacelles were lengthened.2
- Martin PBM-3B / Martin Mariner GR.I: Delivered to RAF Coastal Command in August 1943.2
- Martin PBM-3C: More armor protection.2
- Martin PBM-3D: Increased armament.2 Self sealing fuel tanks.2 Radar.2
- Martin PBM-3R: Transport.2 Unarmed.2 Could carry 20 passengers.2
- Martin PBM-3S: Anti submarine warfare.2
- Martin PBM-5: Had retractable landing gear in the fuselage.1 Radar equipped.2
- Martin PBM-5A: Retractable tricycle landing gear.2 Mostly used by United States Coast Guard.2,3
- Martin PBM-5E: New radar.2
- Martin PBM-5G: Coast Guard use.2
- Martin PBM-5S: Anti submarine warfare.2
Usage
The Martin PBM Mariner was a replacement for the Consolidated PBY Catalina.1
During World War II Australia, Britain, and the United States used the Mariner.2 Many countries used the Mariner into the 1950s.1,3
Rocket Assisted Take Off (RATO)
The United States Navy first used RATO on a stranded PBM in the Colorado River.1
United Kingdom
The British returned the 27 Mariners that they had without using them in combat.1 They had them only 6 weeks.2
U-Boat Destroyer
On June 30, 1942 was a PBM Mariners first kill when Lieutenant Richard E. Schreder sank U-158 near Bermuda.1
On August 6, 1943 seven PBMs sank U-615 near Aruba.1
By the end of World War II, PBM Mariners sank twelve U-Boats.1
Australia
In 1943 Australia received 122 PBM-3R transports.2 These were used from Australia to New Guinea from mid 1944.2
Specifications
Sources:
- Aircraft of WWII, General Editor: Jim Winchester, 2004
- Aircraft of WWII, Stewart Wilson, 1998
- World War II Airplanes Volume 2, Enzo Angelucci, Paolo Matricardi, 1976
- Aeronautics Aircraft Spotters' Handbook, Ensign L. C. Guthman, 1943
